kisi bhi ladki ko impress kaise kare

Agr aap ye post padh rhe ho to baat saaf hai ki aapke dil ki ghanti kisi ladki ko dekh ke bajne lagi hai 😛 Hahaha….. Are aap to sharma gye, Main to majak kar rha tha! To chalo aaj hum aapko btate hai ki apne Dil ke mandir ki moorti aap kaise jeet sakte hai. Dekho ji agar aap kisi ladki ki feelings se parichit nhi hai to us-se baat karna aapke liye thoda muskil ho sakta hai aur usko im‍press karne ke liye aapko us-se ache tarike se baat karni hogi. Baat ye hai ki, Agr aap kisi bhi ladki se ac‍hhe se baat karoge to uska dil jeetna kaafi aasan ho jayega. Is post ke trough Hum aapko btayenge ki aap apni man pasand ladki ko apni baaton se kaise im‍press kar sakte hai aur kaise use apni friend ya girlfriend bna sakte hai. Toh haajir hai special aur kamyab tips sirf aapke liye.. 😉

Khoobsurat Ladki

Ladki ko Apni Personality se Impress karein

Achi personality hona hamesha fayda deta hai ye to hum sab jante hi hai to koshish karein ki aapki personality ka acha part ladkiyon ki nazar me aaye. Agar aapki personality me koi khaami ho to use sudharne ki koshish jroor krein vo aapki ladki patane me to help krega hi saath hi saath aapko ek behtar insaan bhi bnayega, agr aap apni personality ko improve karne ke baare me koi question poochna chaho to post ke end me comment karke apna sawal pooch sakte ho hum aapki poori help krne ki kosish krenge.

Hansmukh aur Khush Rahein

Ladkiyon ko vo ladke hamesha pasand aate hai jo unhe hasa sakte hai par iska ye matlab nhi ki aap khud ko hi joker bana lo. Dusro ko aap tabhi khush rakh sakte hai jab aap khud khush ho, to khush rahiye 🙂 . Hasana seekhne ke liye aap `Comedy nights with Kapil` aur `comedy circus` jaise TV programs dekh sakte hai agr aapke paas internet ho toh Youtube par funny videos dekho usse humare personality par kafi positive effect padta hai aur humara behaviour acha hota hai.

Fit Rahein

Ho sake to regularly walk par jaaye ya koi sports khele kyuki khelte rahne se aapki body fit aur attractive dikhti hai, jise ladkiyan bhut pasand karti hai. Hamesha chust aur tez (fit & active) bane rahiye specially jab aapki pasand ki ladki aas pas ho, susti (laziness) kisi ko bhi pasand nhi hoti. To khud ko fit rakhne ke liye regular koi khel khelte rahiye ya phir regularly gym jaayein, ye dono nhi kar sakte to Yoga zaroor karein sabse acha solution hai isse aapki sehat, mental power bhi achi hogi aur aap ache decision le sakoge.

Khud ko Dilchasp (Intresting) Banayein

Aksar ye dekha jaata hai ki ladkiyon ko vo ladke pasand hote hai jinki Zindagi kafi dilchasp (intresting) hoti hai to apni zindigi ko aur khud ko bhi mazedaar bnane ki koshish Karein. Iske liye aap mazedaar kaam jaise ki cooking, gardening, singing, dancing etc kar sakte hai.

Akarshak Aur Manohar (Charming) Baniye

Charming ban-ne ke liye aapme confidence hona chahiya aur aapki personality bhi strong honi chahiye. Aap ladki se kuch sawal puch sakte hai jaise aap ki hobbies kya hai ? Aur aap kha pali badhi ho ? Etc. Agr aapke paas baat karne ke liye koi topic na ho to vo jo bhi baat kar rhi ho aapse usme se hi koi question pucho ya fir sabse acha tareeka hai ki jaisi hi uski baat khatam ho use fir se continue kar do. For example vo keh rhi hai “………. par mujhe vo achi nhi lagti.” to aap saamne se poocho “Acha !” jaise hi aap aisa bologe vo fir se kuch bolna shuru kar degi aur aapka kaam ban jayega.

Baat Poori Confidence se Karein

Aap ladki ki tareef kabhi bhi kar sakte hai, ladki ki tareef kabhi jada nhi hoti, aap unki jitni bhi tareef karo vo kam hi hai. Aap chahe to uski sundarta ki tareeef kar sakte hai, smile ki tareef kabhi bhi waste nhi jaati kyunki duniya me aisa koi nhi jiski smile acchi na ho 🙂 isliye smile ki tareef jrur krein aur iske saath saath aap use bata sakte hai ki vo kaise dusri ladkiyon se alag hai, isse use mehsus hoga ki vo sach me baaki ladkiyon se behtar hai. Dhyan rahe ladki ko aisa nahi lagna chahiye ki aap use pata rahe ho, Agar aap thoda nervous hai to aap ladki se kahiye ki ‘mujhe aapka dostana behavior acha lagta hai’ ya ‘aap bahut smart ho’ ya ‘Aapke kapde bahut acche hai, matlab aap in kapdo me bhut achhi lagti ho’ etc.

Also Read : Duble – Patle Log Achi Sehat aur Body Banane Ke Liye Kya Kare

Smart aur Intelligent Raho

Aap khud bhi smart raho apni kisi bhi field me knowledge ko badhao aur jab bhi mauka mile khoob gyan baato specially jab vo ladki aas pas ho, bus dhyan rahein is cheez ka overdose nhi hona chahiye varna side effect bhi ho sakte hai. 😛

Yakeen kro, agr aap poori shiddat se sirf in baaton ko dhyan me rakh kar sab kuch karte ho to aap apni pasand ki ladki ko badi aasani se impress kar sakte ho, kuch ladkiyan thoda jada thoda kam time leti hai prantu ant me hoti unki `Haan` hi hai 🙂 🙂 . Aur agar ladki fir bhi positive response na de to acha yhi rhega ki aap unka peecha chod do kiuki ho sakta hai vo kisi aur se pyar karti ho ya vo bhut attitude wali ladki ho. Ek baat ka khayal hmesa rakhna chahiye ki kisi bhi ladki ke liye aap apni Self respect s compromise na kro. Chalo ab shuru ho jaao aur maje kro.. 🙂

Kuch poochne ke liye ya koi aur point btane ke liye comment me apni baat zaroor khein.. Bye

pyar ka sath hona jaruri nhi hota ha lekin pyar hona jaruri hota hai lekin kyu

Pyar Kya Hai? Pyar ke kyi roop hote hai. Jinko aap pyar karte hai vo aksar vo log hote hai jinke saath rehna aur time bitana aapko acha lagta hai. Ye vo log hote hai jinhe kho dena aap sahan nhi kar sakte hai. Aur vo jinke bare me aap sabse jyada parvaah karte hai.

Dusri aur bhale hi koi aapke saath bura bartav (behave) kare ya aapko dukh pahuchaye, aap tab bhi unse sach much pyar kar sakte hai. Aap apne Mata – Pita, apni family aur apne doston ya kisi paltu janwar aur apne saathi ke liye alag alag roop me pyar mehsoos kar sakte hai.

Pyar Karna Aur Pyar Me Hona

Doston, Kisi ko pyar karna aur Kisi ke pyar me hona do alag alag baat hai. Ek rishte ki shuruwaat kisi ke pyar me hone jaisi hoti hai, jab aap dusre ki sirf achi cheeze hi dekhte hai aur ek tarah se apne aap ko ghane badlon me ghoomta hua mehsoos karte hai. Kuch time baad un bhavnao (feelings) me badlaav aa jaate hai, aur tab dusre person ke liye aapki bhavnaye aur gahri, stable, madhur aur parvaah karne wali ho jaati hai – Aap unhe pyar karne lagte hai.

Pehli Nazar Ka Pyar

Aap kisi aise person ko bhi pyar kar sakte hai jinhe aap theek se jante bhi nhi. Ya kisi dost ke rishte me bhi dheere dheere pyar panap sakta hai. Aur kabhi kabhi kuch logon ke liye tabhi pyar ki shuruwat hoti hai jab vo saath me sex karte hai.

Pyar Ek Process Hai

Normally pyar me sabse pehle sexual attraction ki feeling aati hai, fir ek bhut acchi si jabardast pyar me hone ki feeling aati hai aur uske baad bhut gehra attraction (lagav) hota hai jo time ke saath badhta hai aur kyi saalo tak ya jeevan bhar reh sakta ha

जीवन में लक्ष्य का होना ज़रूरी क्यों है? Importance of Goals in Hindi by gaurav kumar

जीवन में लक्ष्य का होना ज़रूरी क्यों है? Importance of Goals in Hindi

LAST UPDATED: DECEMBER

 जीवन में लक्ष्य का होना ज़रूरी क्यों है ?

Importance of Goals in Hindi

यदि  आपसे पूछा जाये कि क्या आपने अपने लिए कुछ लक्ष्य निर्धारित कर रखे हैं तो आपके सिर्फ दो ही जवाब हो सकते हैं: हाँ या ना .

लक्ष्य पर साधें निशाना!

अगर जवाब हाँ है तो ये बहुत ही अच्छी बात है क्योंकि ज्यादातर लोग तो बिना किसी निश्चित लक्ष्य के ही अपनी ज़िन्दगी बिताये जा रहे हैं और आप उनसे कहीं बेहतर स्थिति में हैं. पर यदि जवाब ना है तो ये थोड़ी चिंता का विषय है. थोड़ी इसलिए क्योंकि भले ही अभी आपका कोई लक्ष्य ना हो पर जल्द ही सोच-विचार कर के अपने लिए एक लक्ष्य निर्धारित कर सकते हैं.

लक्ष्य या Goals  होते क्या हैं?

लक्ष्य एक ऐसा कार्य है जिसे हम सिद्ध करने की मंशा रखते हैं.  Goal is a task which we intend to accomplish.

कुछ examples लेते हैं: एक  student का लक्ष्य हो सकता है: ” Final Exams  में 80% से ज्यादा marks लाना.” एक employee का लक्ष्य हो सकता है अपनी performance  के basis पे promotion पाना. एक house-wife का लक्ष्य हो सकता है :” Home based business की शुरुआत करना. एक blogger का लक्ष्य हो सकता है:” अपने ब्लॉग की page rank शुन्य से तीन तक ले जाना” एक समाजसेवी का लक्ष्य हो सकता है:” किसी गाँव के सभी लोगों को साक्षर बनाना”

लक्ष्य का होना ज़रूरी क्यों है? / Importance of Goals in Hindi

१) सही दिशा में आगे बढ़ने के लिए: जब आप सुबह घर से निकलते हैं तो आपको पता होता है कि आपको कहाँ जाना है और आप वहां पहुँचते हैं, सोचिये अगर आपको यह नहीं पता हो कि आप को कहाँ जाना है तो भला आप क्या करेंगे? इधर उधर भटकने में ही समय व्यर्थ हो जायेगा. इसी तरह इस जीवन में भी यदि आपने अपने लिए लक्ष्य नहीं बनाये हैं तो आपकी ज़िन्दगी तो चलती रहेगी पर जब  बाद में आप पीछे मुड़ कर देखेंगे तो शायद आपको पछतावा हो कि आपने कुछ खास achieve  नहीं किया!!

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लक्ष्य व्यक्ति को एक सही दिशा देता है. उसे बताता है कि कौन सा काम उसके लिए जरूरी है और कौन सा नहीं.  यदि goals clear हों तो हम उसके मुताबिक अपने आप को तैयार करते हैं. हमारा subconscious mind हमें उसी के अनुसार act करने के लिए प्रेरित करता है. दिमाग में लक्ष्य साफ़ हो तो उसे पाने के रास्ते भी साफ़ नज़र आने लगते हैं और इंसान उसी दिशा में अपने कदम बढा देता है.

२) अपनी उर्जा का सही उपयोग करने के लिए: भागवान ने इन्सान को सीमित उर्जा और सीमित समय दिया है. इसलिए ज़रूरी हो जाता है कि हम इसका उपयोग सही तरीके से करें. लक्ष्य हमें ठीक यही करने को प्रेरित करता है. अगर आप अपने end-goal को ध्यान में रख कर कोई काम करते हैं तो उसमे आपका concentration और energy का  level कहीं अच्छा होता है.

For Example: जब आप किसी  library में बिना किसी खास किताब को पढने  के मकसद से जाते हैं तो आप यूँ ही कुछ किताबों को उठाते हैं और उनके पन्ने पलटते हैं और कुछ एक पन्ने पढ़ डालते हैं, पर वहीँ अगर आप कसी Project Report को पूरा करने के मकसद से जाते हैं तो आप उसके मतलब की ही किताबें चुनते हैं और अपना काम पूरा करते हैं. दोनों ही cases में आप समय उतना ही देते हैं पर आपकी  efficiency में जमीन-आसमान का फर्क होता है. इसी तरह life  में भी अगर हमारे सामने कोई निश्चित लक्ष्य नहीं है तो हम यूँ ही अपनी energy  waste करते रहेंगे और नतीजा कुछ खास नहीं निकलेगा. लेकिन इसके विपरीत जब हम लक्ष्य को ध्यान में रखेंगे तो हमारी energy सही जगह उपयोग होगी और हमें सही results देखने को मिलेंगे.

३) सफल होने के लिए: जिससे पूछिए वही कहता है कि मैं एक सफल व्यक्ति बनना चाहता.पर अगर ये पूछिए कि क्या हो जाने पर वह खुद को सफल व्यक्ति मानेगा तो इसका उत्तर कम ही लोग पूर विश्वास से दे पाएंगे. सबके लिए सफलता के मायने अलग-अलग होते हैं. और यह मायने लक्ष्य द्वारा ही निर्धारित होते हैं. तो यदि आपका कोई लक्ष्य नहीं है तो आप एक बार को औरों कि नज़र में सफल हो सकते हैं पर खुद कि नज़र में आप कैसे decide  करेंगे कि आप सफल हैं या नहीं?  इसके लिए आपको अपने द्वारा ही तय किये हुए लक्ष्य को देखना होगा.

४) अपने मन के विरोधाभाष को दूर करने के लिए:  हमारी life में कई opportunities  आती-जाती रहती हैं. कोई चाह कर भी सभी की सभी opportunities का फायदा नहीं उठा सकता. हमें अवसरों को कभी हाँ तो कभी ना करना होता है. ऐसे में ऐसी  परिस्थितियां आना स्वाभाविक है जब हम decide  नहीं कर पाते कि हमें क्या  करना चाहिए. ऐसी situations में आपका लक्ष्य आपको guide कर सकता है. जैसे मेरा और मेरी wife  का लक्ष्य एक  Beauty Parlour खोलने का है, ऐसे में अगर आज उसे एक ही साथ दो job-offers मिलें, जिसमें से एक किसी पार्लर से हो तो वह बिना किसी confusion के उसे ज्वाइन कर लेगी, भले ही वहां उसे दुसरे offer के comparison  में कम salary मिले. वहीँ अगर सामने कोई लक्ष्य ना हो तो हम तमाम factors को evaluate करते रह जायें और अंत में  शायद ज्यादा वेतन ही deciding factor  बन जाये.

दोस्तों  अर्नोल्ड एच ग्लासगो का कथन,

फुटबाल कि तरह ज़िन्दगी में भी आप तब-तक आगे नहीं बढ़ सकते जब तक आपको अपने लक्ष्य का पता ना हो.

मुझे बिलकुल उपयुक्त लगता है. तो यदि आपने अभी तक अपने लिए कोई लक्ष्य निर्धारित नहीं किया है तो इस दिशा में सोचना शुरू कीजिये. लक्ष्य बनाइये, बड़े लक्ष्य बनाइये, और उन्हें हासिल करके ही दम लीजिये !

All the best!

achhikhabar.com

IMPORTANT NOTES AND STUDY MATERIALS FOR IAS PREPARATION & SYLLABUS

# .  IAS preliminary Exam syllabus   ?

IAS Preliminary Exam Syllabus

The Preliminary Examination of Union Public Service Commission for Civil Services Examination is popularly called CSAT or Civil Services Aptitude Test. The CSAT is actually the second paper of General Studies introduced in 2011. The CSAT was introduced to end the use of scaling system for varying subjects in the General Studies paper. 
The benefit of introducing aptitude tests in the civil exam is that it assesses your logical reasoning and thinking performance. It is based on multiple choice questions answered in exam conditions. No subject influences, or can have an effect on an aptitude test.
Some changes are made in the format of Civil Services Examination since 2013. It's for the first time the Indian Forest Service (IFS) aspirants were combined with the Civil Services aspirants and are made to take the preliminary examination. Those Indian Forest Service aspirants who may eventually clear the Preliminary examination have to write separate exams for their Mains Indian Forest Service examination. 
There is also a change in the pattern of the Civil Services Mains examination from 2013. Now there are four compulsory papers of General Studies, and only one optional subject instead of two, one compulsory essay paper is also there. Besides, English and one language paper is of only qualifying nature.

Some changes have been done in 2014, in this year civil services preliminary exam was conducted on 24-08-2014 had 80 questions but only 74 questions were evaluated for the cut off marks. Questions related to English language comprehension skills was not countable or its marks were not added in the final merit list to decide cut-off for prelims – CSE 2014. Thus CSAT comprises 185 marks only. From this year English comprehension is excluded from the CSAT syllabus. 

From 2015 G.S Paper-II (CSAT) was only a qualifying paper and minimum qualifying marks of 33% required.

The UPSC Preliminary Examination shall comprise two compulsory papers of 200 marks each.
Paper I - (200 marks) Duration : Two hours

• Current events of national and international importance.
• History of India and Indian National Movement.
• Indian and World Geography - Physical, Social, Economic Geography of India and the World.
• Indian Polity and Governance - Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public Policy, Rights Issues, etc.
• Economic and Social Development Sustainable Development, Poverty, Inclusion, Demographics, Social Sector initiatives, etc.
• General issues on Environmental Ecology, Bio-diversity and Climate Change - that do not require subject specialization.
• General Science.
  

Paper II- (200 marks) Duration: Two hours

• Comprehension
• Interpersonal skills including communication skills;
• Logical reasoning and analytical ability
• Decision-making and problem-solving
• General mental ability
• Basic numeracy (numbers and their relations, orders of magnitude, etc.) (Class X level), Data interpretation (charts, graphs, tables, data sufficiency etc. - Class X level).

Note  : The questions will be of multiple choice, objective type.

 # .  IAS MAIN EXAMINATION SYLLABUS   ?

More Syllabus

IAS Mains Examination Syllabus

The civil services examination is a nationwide competitive examination in India conducted by UPSC for the recruitment to various government posts. The examination is conducted in two phases--the preliminary examination consisting of two objective-type papers and the main examination, consisting of nine papers followed by a personality test. 
Union Public Service Commission  has drastically changed the syllabus of Mains Examination from 2013. 
In Civil Services Mains Examination 2013 instead of two optional papers, now student will opt only one optional paper. Weightage of General Study has been increased. Here is the new pattern of Civil Services mains examination:

Paper	Marks	Subject
Paper 1: Essay	250 Marks	Essay
Paper 2: General Studies - 1	250 Mark	Indian Heritage and Culture, History and Geography of the World and Society
Paper 3: General Studies - 2	250 Marks	Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice and International relations
Paper 4: General Studies - 3	250 Marks	Technology, Economic Development, Bio-diversity, Environment, Security and Disaster Management
Paper 5: General Studies - 4	250 Marks	Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude
Paper 6:Optional Subject	250 Marks	Optional Subject: Paper - 1
Paper 7:Optional Subject	250 Marks	Optional Subject: Paper - 2
Paper 8:Qualifying - 1	300 Marks	English
Paper 9:Qualifying - 2	300 Marks	Hindi or any language in the 8th schedule of the constitution
Sub Total (Written test) 2350 Marks Marks of English and Language will not be counted so total marks for Written exam will be 2350 MINUS 600 = 1750 Marks
The total marks of the written examination will be 1750 Marks.
Interview/Personality Test - 275 marks
Grand Total 2025 Marks
A candidate is allowed to use any one language from the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution or English as the medium of writing the examination.

Civil Services Mains Exam Syllabus
The written examination will consist of the following papers:
Paper 1 :
Essay - 250 Marks - To be written in the medium or language of the candidate's choice - Candidates will be required to write an essay on a specific topic. The choice of subjects will be given. They will be expected to keep closely to the subject of the essay to arrange their ideas in orderly fashion, and to write concisely. Credit will be given for effective and exact expression.
Paper 2 :
General Studies - 1: 250 Marks (Indian Heritage and Culture, History and Geography of the World and Society)
Indian culture will cover the salient aspects of Art Forms, Literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times.
Modern Indian history from about the middle of the eighteenth century until the present- significant events, personalities, issues
The Freedom Struggle - its various stages and important contributors /contributions from different parts of the country.
Post-independence consolidation and reorganization within the country.
History of the world will include events from 18th century such as industrial revolution, world wars, redrawal of national boundaries, colonization, decolonization, political philosophies like communism, capitalism, socialism etc.- their forms and effect on the society.
Salient features of Indian Society, Diversity of India.
Role of women and women's organization, population and associated issues, poverty and developmental issues, urbanization, their problems and their remedies.
Effects of globalization on Indian society Social empowerment, communalism, regionalism & secularism.
Salient features of world's physical geography.
Distribution of key natural resources across the world (including South Asia and the Indian sub-continent); factors responsible for the location of primary, secondary, and tertiary sector industries in various parts of the world (including India)
Important Geophysical phenomena such as earthquakes, Tsunami, Volcanic activity, cyclone etc., geographical features and their location- changes in critical geographical features (including water-bodies and ice-caps) and in flora and fauna and the effects of such changes.
Paper 3:
General Studies - 2 : 250 Marks (Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice and International relations)
Indian Constitution- historical underpinnings, evolution, features, amendments, significant provisions and basic structure.
Functions and responsibilities of the Union and the States, issues and challenges pertaining to the federal structure, devolution of powers and finances up to local levels and challenges therein.
Separation of powers between various organs dispute redressal mechanisms and institutions.
Comparison of the Indian constitutional scheme with that of other countries Parliament and State Legislatures - structure, functioning, conduct of business, powers & privileges and issues arising out of these.
Structure, organization and functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary Ministries and Departments of the Government; pressure groups and formal/informal associations and their role in the Polity.
Salient features of the Representation of People's Act.
Appointment to various Constitutional posts, powers, functions and responsibilities of various Constitutional Bodies.
Statutory, regulatory and various quasi-judicial bodies Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation.
Development processes and the development industry the role of NGOs, SHGs, various groups and associations, donors, charities, institutional and other stakeholders
Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the population by the Centre and States and the performance of these schemes; mechanisms, laws, institutions and Bodies constituted for the protection and betterment of these vulnerable sections.
Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources.
Issues relating to poverty and hunger.
Important aspects of governance, transparency and accountability, e-governance- applications, models, successes, limitations, and potential; citizens charters, transparency & accountability and institutional and other measures.
Role of civil services in a democracy.
India and its neighborhood- relations.
Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India's interests Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India's interests, Indian diaspora.
Important International institutions, agencies and fora, their structure, mandate.
PAPER 4:
General Studies - 3: 250 Marks (Technology, Economic Development, Bio-diversity, Environment, Security and Disaster Management)
Development, Bio diversity, Environment, Security and Disaster Management.
Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization of resources, growth, development and employment.
Inclusive growth and issues arising from it.
Government Budgeting.
Major crops cropping patterns in various parts of the country, different types of irrigation and irrigation systems storage, transport and marketing of agricultural produce and issues and related constraints; e-technology in the aid of farmers Issues related to direct and indirect farm subsidies and minimum support prices; Public Distribution System objectives, functioning, limitations, revamping; issues of buffer stocks and food security; Technology missions;
economics of animal-rearing.
Food processing and related industries in India- scope and significance, location, upstream and downstream requirements, supply chain management.
Land reforms in India.
Effects of liberalization on the economy, changes in industrial policy and their effects on industrial growth.
Infrastructure: Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc.
Investment models.
Science and Technology- developments and their applications and effects in everyday life Achievements of Indians in science & technology;
indigenization of technology and developing new technology.
Awareness in the fields of IT, Space, Computers, robotics, nano-technology, bio-technology and issues relating to intellectual property rights.
Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment Disaster and disaster management.
Linkages between development and spread of extremism.
Role of external state and non-state actors in creating challenges to internal security.
Challenges to internal security through communication networks, role of media and social networking sites in internal security challenges, basics of cyber security; money-laundering and its prevention
Security challenges and their management in border areas; linkages of organized crime with terrorism Various Security forces and agencies and their mandate
Paper 5:
General Studies - 4: 250 Marks (Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude)
This paper will include questions to test the candidates' attitude and approach to issues relating to integrity, probity in public life and his problem solving approach to various issues and conflicts faced by him in dealing with society. Questions may utilise the case study approach to determine these aspects. The following broad areas will be covered.
Ethics and Human Interface: Essence, determinants and consequences of Ethics in human actions; dimensions of ethics; ethics in private and public relationships.
Human Values - lessons from the lives and teachings of great leaders, reformers and administrators; role of family, society and educational institutions in inculcating values.
Attitude: content, structure, function; its influence and relation with thought and behaviour; moral and political attitudes; social influence and persuasion.
Aptitude and foundational values for Civil Service , integrity, impartiality and non-partisanship, objectivity, dedication to public service, empathy, tolerance and compassion towards the weaker-sections.
Emotional intelligence-concepts, and their utilities and application in administration and governance.
Contributions of moral thinkers and philosophers from India and world.
Public/Civil service values and Ethics in Public administration: Status and problems; ethical concerns and dilemmas in government and private institutions; laws, rules, regulations and conscience as sources of ethical guidance; accountability and ethical governance; strengthening of ethical and moral values in governance;
ethical issues in international relations and funding; corporate governance.
Probity in Governance: Concept of public service; Philosophical basis of governance and probity; Information sharing and transparency in government, Right to Information, Codes of Ethics, Codes of Conduct, Citizen's Charters, Work culture, Quality of service delivery, Utilization of public funds, challenges of corruption.
Case Studies on above issues.
Paper 6:

Optional Subject: Paper 1 - 250 Marks
Paper 7:

Optional Subject: Paper 2 - 250 Marks
Paper 8:English: 300 marks - Qualifying nature - Marks not counted- Passing mandatory
The aim of the paper is to test the candidates' ability to read and understand serious discursive prose, and to express his ideas clearly and correctly, in English and Indian Language concerned.
The pattern of questions would be broadly as follows:-
(i) Comprehension of given passages
(ii) Precis Writing
(iii) Usage and Vocabulary
(iv) Short Essay.
Paper 9:

Hindi or any language in the 8th schedule of the constitution:  300 Marks - Qualifying nature - Marks not counted - Passing mandatory
(i) Comprehension of given passages.
(ii) Precis Writing
(iii) Usage and Vocabulary.
(iv) Short Essay
(v) Translation from English to the Indian language and vice-versa.
Note 1: The Papers on Indian Languages and English will be of Matriculation or equivalent standard and will be of qualifying nature only. The marks obtained in these papers will not be counted for ranking.
Note 2: The candidates will have to answer the English and Indian Languages papers in English and the respective Indian language (except where translation is involved

IAS MAIN OPTIONAL SUBJECT EXAMINATION SYLLUBAS    ?

-IAS-Mains-Agriculture.

upsc-examination-Animal-Husbandry--Veterinary-Science
-examination-Anthropology
Botany
chemistry
-Civil-Engineering
COMMERCE-AND-ACCOUNTANCY
-ECONOMICS
-ELECTRICAL-ENGINEERING
GEOGRAPHY
-GEOLOGY
-HISTORY
Hindi-Literature
-LAW